Nearly 1 in 4 adults experience lower abdominal pain every year, a discomfort that can range from mild cramping to sharp, sudden pain below the belly button. It may occur on one side, such as lower left abdominal pain or lower right abdominal pain, depending on the cause. In females, it’s often related to menstrual cycles, ovarian cysts, or urinary infections, while in males, it can stem from digestive or bladder issues.
According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), around 12% of U.S. adults are affected by Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), one of the common causes of lower abdominal pain.
At the emergency room in Waxahachie, TX, we often see patients experiencing lower abdominal pain in females and males, including lower left abdominal pain, female or male lower abdominal pain below the belly button. Our expert physicians quickly diagnose the root cause, whether minor or serious, and provide prompt, effective treatment for lower abdominal pain to help patients feel better faster.
What Is Lower Abdominal Pain?
Lower abdominal pain refers to any discomfort or aching sensation that occurs below the belly button. This area contains several vital organs, including parts of the intestines, bladder, and reproductive organs, so pain here can stem from various causes. It may feel dull, sharp, or cramp-like and can occur on one or both sides of the abdomen. While mild pain often resolves on its own, persistent or severe lower abdominal pain can signal underlying health issues that require medical evaluation at trusted facilities.
Types of Lower Abdominal Pain
The location of lower abdominal pain often gives clues about its underlying cause. Whether it’s a sharp pain on one side or a dull ache across the lower belly, identifying the type helps doctors at Altus Emergency Center quickly determine what’s going on and how to treat it effectively.
1. Lower Left Abdominal Pain
Pain on the lower left side of the abdomen is often related to digestive issues. Conditions like diverticulitis or constipation can cause cramping or bloating, while kidney stones may lead to sharp, radiating pain that worsens with movement.
Common causes include:
- Diverticulitis (inflammation of small pouches in the colon).
- Constipation or trapped gas.
- Kidney stones or urinary infections on the left side.
2. Lower Right Abdominal Pain
This type of pain can be mild at first but may worsen if not treated promptly. The most common cause is appendicitis, though in females, it might be linked to ovarian cysts or pelvic infections.
Common causes include:
- Appendicitis (inflammation of the appendix).
- Ovarian cysts or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
- Right-sided kidney or intestinal issues.
Causes of Lower Abdominal Pain
When patients visit Altus Emergency Center asking what causes lower abdominal pain, the answer can vary depending on their age, gender, and medical history. The pain may come from the digestive system, urinary tract, reproductive organs, or even muscle strain. Understanding the exact cause is the first step toward proper diagnosis and treatment.
What Causes Lower Abdominal Pain in Females?
For many women, lower abdominal pain in females is linked to hormonal or reproductive system issues. The pain may occur on one or both sides of the abdomen and can range from mild cramping to severe discomfort, depending on the cause.
Common causes include:
Menstrual cramps or ovulation-related pain:
Pain during menstruation or ovulation happens when the uterus contracts to shed its lining or release an egg. This can cause mild to moderate cramping, especially before or during periods. Sometimes, the pain radiates to the lower back or thighs and may be accompanied by bloating or fatigue. Drinking warm fluids, using a heating pad, and maintaining a balanced diet can help ease the discomfort.
Endometriosis, fibroids, or ovarian cysts:
Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, causing pain and inflammation. Fibroids and ovarian cysts can also lead to pressure, bloating, or sharp pain in the lower abdomen. In severe cases, these conditions may cause irregular periods, fertility issues, or pain during intercourse. Early diagnosis and treatment through medication or minimally invasive surgery can significantly improve quality of life.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) or bladder inflammation:
UTIs cause burning during urination, frequent urges to urinate, and lower abdominal pressure. If left untreated, the infection can spread to the kidneys and worsen pain. Hydration and timely antibiotics are essential to prevent complications. Maintaining proper hygiene and avoiding holding urine for long periods can reduce the risk of recurrent infections.
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID):
PID is a bacterial infection affecting the reproductive organs, often resulting from untreated sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It can cause severe pelvic pain, fever, and unusual discharge. If not treated promptly, PID may lead to chronic pain or infertility. Regular gynecological check-ups and practicing safe sex are crucial for preventing this condition.
Women who experience lower right abdominal pain or lower left abdominal pain should not ignore persistent discomfort, as it may signal a deeper medical issue that requires prompt evaluation at a facility like Altus Emergency Center.
Lower Left Abdominal Pain in Males
In men, lower left abdominal pain often points to issues in the digestive or urinary system. Sometimes, the pain may even stem from muscle strain, especially if it worsens during physical activity or movement. Identifying the cause is essential for proper treatment and relief.
Common causes include:
Diverticulitis (inflammation of the colon):
Diverticulitis occurs when small pouches in the colon wall (called diverticula) become inflamed or infected. This can cause sharp, persistent pain on the lower left side, often accompanied by fever, nausea, or changes in bowel habits. In severe cases, it may lead to complications such as abscesses or bowel obstruction. A high-fiber diet, adequate hydration, and medical treatment can help manage symptoms and prevent recurrence.
Constipation or gas buildup:
When stool moves slowly through the intestines, it leads to bloating, cramping, and discomfort in the lower abdomen. Gas buildup can also cause temporary sharp pain that eases after passing gas or having a bowel movement. Lack of fiber, dehydration, and a sedentary lifestyle are common contributors. Increasing fluid intake, eating fiber-rich foods, and maintaining regular physical activity can significantly reduce these issues.
Kidney stones or urinary infections:
Kidney stones can cause intense, stabbing pain that radiates from the back or side toward the lower abdomen and groin. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in men may lead to burning sensations while urinating, frequent urges, and lower abdominal tenderness. Some people may also experience blood in urine or nausea during kidney stone episodes. Drinking plenty of water and seeking prompt medical care are crucial for proper treatment and to prevent kidney damage.
Muscle strain from heavy lifting or exercise:
Overstretching or tearing abdominal muscles during workouts or lifting heavy objects can result in dull, localized pain. The discomfort usually increases with movement or pressure and improves with rest and gentle stretching. Applying ice packs, taking over-the-counter pain relievers, and avoiding strenuous activity can help with recovery. Proper posture and warm-up exercises before physical activity reduce the risk of future strain.
Treatment for Lower Abdominal Pain
Treating lower abdominal pain depends on its underlying cause. At Altus Emergency Center, doctors first diagnose whether the pain is due to digestive issues, infections, or reproductive or urinary problems. Once the cause is identified, personalized treatment begins to ensure quick relief and recovery.
Here are some effective treatment options for both men and women based on the specific causes:
1. General Treatments
For mild lower abdominal pain, simple lifestyle and home remedies can often bring quick relief. Taking care of your diet, staying hydrated, and avoiding stress play a big role in easing discomfort. However, if pain persists or worsens, it’s important to seek medical advice for proper diagnosis and treatment.
- Rest and hydration:
Mild abdominal discomfort often improves with proper rest and increased fluid intake. Staying hydrated helps flush out toxins and supports healthy digestion. Water and clear fluids also prevent dehydration, especially if pain is linked to diarrhea or vomiting.
- Pain relievers:
Over-the-counter pain medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help ease mild to moderate pain. However, it’s best to avoid excessive use of painkillers without consulting a doctor, as they can sometimes irritate the stomach lining or mask serious conditions.
- Diet adjustments:
Avoid spicy, oily, or processed foods that may worsen pain or trigger bloating. Instead, opt for light, fiber-rich meals that aid digestion and prevent constipation. Maintaining small, frequent meals can also reduce strain on your digestive system.
2. Treatment for Females
If lower abdominal pain in females is due to menstrual cramps, endometriosis, or infections, several treatment approaches can help manage symptoms and improve comfort.
- Antibiotics or antifungal medicines for infections:
Bacterial or yeast infections in the reproductive or urinary system are treated with prescribed medications. It’s important to complete the full course of treatment to prevent recurrence or complications.
- Hormonal therapy for endometriosis or severe menstrual pain:
Hormone-based treatments like birth control pills or injections help regulate menstrual cycles and reduce pain intensity. These therapies can also slow the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus.
- Warm compress or heating pad:
Applying heat to the lower abdomen relaxes tense muscles and improves blood flow, easing cramps naturally. This simple home remedy works best when used during the early phase of pain.
- Medical evaluation:
If lower left or lower right abdominal pain persists, it’s essential to consult a gynecologist. Persistent pain could indicate ovarian cysts, fibroids, or reproductive organ inflammation that requires medical imaging or further testing.
3. Treatment for Males
When lower abdominal pain in males occurs below the belly button, it can be linked to digestive problems, urinary infections, or prostate issues.
- Antibiotics for bladder or prostate infections:
Doctors may prescribe antibiotics to treat urinary tract or prostate infections. Early treatment helps prevent complications such as kidney infection or chronic prostatitis.
- Lifestyle changes:
Reducing alcohol, caffeine, and stress can greatly improve abdominal health. Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and maintaining a healthy weight support digestion and lower the risk of urinary or prostate-related pain.
- Medical imaging or scans:
If pain is caused by kidney stones or digestive blockages, imaging tests such as ultrasound or CT scans help identify the exact problem. Depending on the findings, doctors may recommend medications, hydration therapy, or minor procedures for stone removal.
Don’t Ignore the Pain
Persistent lower abdominal pain can be more than just temporary discomfort, it can indicate an underlying issue like infection, inflammation, or a digestive disorder. If you experience severe pain, bloating, nausea, or pain on one side such as lower left or lower right abdominal pain, it’s important to get it checked promptly.
At Altus Emergency Center, our expert medical team provides quick diagnosis and personalized treatment to help you feel better fast. Whether your pain is mild or severe, our emergency care services are fully equipped to handle abdominal pain and related conditions. With advanced technology and compassionate care, we ensure you get the right attention and relief when you need it most. Don’t wait, visit your nearest Altus Emergency Center today and take control of your health.